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Resting Energy Estimate

Mifflin–St Jeor resting energy estimate, with source population and limits stated.

Written by Ash K
Updated October 5, 2026Editorial process
Original equation linked
Study age range applied
Estimate limits stated
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Quick Answer

Mifflin–St Jeor estimates resting energy expenditure (REE) from weight, height, age and sex. The original study developed the equation in healthy adults aged 19–78; it is an estimate, not a measured value or calorie prescription.

Basal metabolic rate describes energy used for essential functions at rest, including breathing, circulation and maintaining body temperature. It is one component of daily energy expenditure. Cleveland Clinic: BMR

This tool uses the Mifflin–St Jeor resting energy expenditure (REE) equation, rather than measuring basal metabolism. The original research included 498 healthy adults aged 19–78. That study range is applied to the form; it is not proof that every reader within those ages will obtain an accurate individual estimate. Original study abstract

What Is BMR?

The equation takes weight in kilograms, height in centimeters and age in years. Its output is expressed in kilocalories per day. The two published simplified forms are:

Men: REE = 10 × weight + 6.25 × height − 5 × age + 5.

Women: REE = 10 × weight + 6.25 × height − 5 × age − 161.

Equation, units and study population

The male constant is positive five, not negative five. This distinction affects the arithmetic even though it does not eliminate uncertainty in the model. The form converts pounds and inches to kilograms and centimeters before evaluation, then rounds only the displayed energy estimate.

Entered factorWhat the calculator does with it
WeightMultiplies kilograms by 10
HeightMultiplies centimeters by 6.25
AgeSubtracts five times the whole age in years
Sex used in the equationAdds 5 for the male form or subtracts 161 for the female form

Other influences on basal metabolism include body composition and thyroid function; the form does not measure either. Cleveland Clinic describes higher or lower thyroid hormone levels as influences on BMR. An equation result cannot establish a thyroid disorder or determine its treatment. Factors affecting BMR

BMR vs TDEE: The Critical Distinction

Resting energy and total daily energy expenditure answer different questions. Daily energy use also includes food processing and movement. The calculator above supplies only the resting estimate. Cleveland Clinic explanation

Worked model example: For a 30-year-old man entered at 80 kg and 180 cm, the equation gives 800 + 1,125 − 150 + 5 = 1,780 kcal/day. For the female equation with the same other entries, it gives 1,614 kcal/day. These are mathematical examples, not recommended food intakes.

A separate multiplier example can illustrate the distinction: 1,500 × 1.55 = 2,325. Here, 1.55 is an assumed multiplier, not a measured activity expenditure. Subtracting 1,500 from that modeled total gives 825; the subtraction alone cannot establish whether that intake is appropriate, sustainable or harmful for a particular person.

Use our TDEE calculator to inspect a separate model and its chosen assumptions. The BMR versus TDEE guide covers the comparison. Neither an assumed multiplier nor a resting estimate supplies a medically established intake floor.

For a food-intake plan, Cleveland Clinic recommends discussing personal circumstances with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian. This page therefore does not prescribe a fixed deficit, surplus or rule that everyone must eat above their estimated BMR. Intake planning context

When recording an estimate, include the entered age, measurements, units and equation. A later change could arise from different entries or rounding; it should not be described as a measured change in metabolism. The result does not account separately for pregnancy, lactation, illness or medication effects.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a normal BMR?

There is no single normal BMR for everyone. Cleveland Clinic explains that individual factors affect it. This tool does not classify your estimate as low, normal or high against a universal female or male range. Individual variation

How do I calculate my BMR?

This form estimates REE using the two formulas shown above. Select the units, enter whole age and positive measurements, then choose the sex-specific equation. Check whether your height is in centimeters or inches before calculating. An equation-based estimate differs from a laboratory measurement; the page does not claim an individual error margin. Published equation

Should I eat at my BMR to lose weight?

The output is not a weight-loss prescription. It neither tells you to eat exactly that amount nor establishes a universal safe lower limit. Intake planning needs more context than these four inputs. Discuss an appropriate plan with a healthcare provider or registered dietitian. Cleveland Clinic intake context

Sources

  1. Mifflin MD and colleagues, 1990: A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure in healthy individuals, original abstract with formula, units and age range. Direct PubMed access presented a browser check; the official indexed abstract was read to verify these exact details.
  2. Cleveland Clinic: Basal Metabolic Rate, definition, relevant influences and distinction between resting energy and intake planning.

Sources checked October 5, 2026. Formula arithmetic is not evidence that the website measures metabolism or establishes a personal nutrition target.

How this page was researched

Written and maintained by Ash K, who is not a licensed medical professional. Read the method, source links and limitations on this page. A cited instrument or formula does not mean this website has independent clinical validation.

This is health information, not medical advice. It does not replace your doctor. Read our editorial process · Medical disclaimer

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Medical Disclaimer

This tool is for informational and educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider with questions about your health.